Investigating the role of natural factors in the mapping of urban hazards (Case study: Kermanshah city)

The study of natural and geomorphological factors of urban infrastructure is one of the important factors in determining the appropriate areas for the construction and future development of urban areas, and estimating the status of previous constructions that have been built without considering these criteria. In this study, the SAW method has been used to determine the optimal urban areas in terms of geomorphological and geological factors with a remote selection approach from high-risk areas and urban safety. For this purpose, natural factors of the slope, slope direction, altitude, distance from the fault, distance from the river and lithology have been used. These factors were scaled using linear standardization and the weight of each of them was obtained using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Finally, with the implementation of the SAW model, the final evaluation map of Kermanshah city in terms of natural factors involved in urban safety was obtained. According to the final map, 15.23, 16.11, 24.5, 22.11 and 22.05 percent of the city of Kermanshah are located in very unsuitable, unsuitable, average, suitable and very suitable areas, respectively. The city center to the southwest is considered to be the most suitable part of the city. According to the final plan obtained from the implementation of the model, the southern half of Kermanshah city is in better condition than its northern half. In addition to the northern parts of the city, the southeastern part is also due to the proximity to the fault, short distance to the river and high slope are among the unsuitable urban areas.